Wiper Plate Geometry
"Better, better, faster and bigger..."
We have all been convinced more than once that this is how the task is set in modern realities. Manufacturers metal cutting tools are trying in every possible way to help us achieve the task. One of the technologies that allows to improve the quality of the treated surface and increase the processing speed is the technology Wiper.
Wiper – is the geometry of a plate with a stripping cutting edge for working on high serves.
Let's look at the radius at the top of a regular plate in comparison with the radius at the top of a Wiper plate, it looks like this
As you can see, this technology has a number of technical features, namely:
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Each Wiper cutting edge has a combination of several radii at the top (about 3-9)
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The total length of the cutting edge of the Wiper plate is longer than that of a conventional plate
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The increased length of the cutting edge improves the quality of the treated surface
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A longer contact length increases the cutting forces, so the Wiper plate is more sensitive to vibration when processing non-rigid parts.
From here we can distinguish the following advantages of this technology:
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Smooth chip removal and reduced cutting effort due to the deep profile of the chip breaker.
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The sharpness and strength of the cutting edge is ensured.
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The chip breaker design with multiple radii reduces cutting vibration, increases the processing range and ensures better surface quality, which is especially important during finishing operations.
Wiper Plate Plain plate
Now we should consider the quality of the treated surface when using plates with Wiper technology
When turning, the purity of the treated surface depends on many factors. In particular, the ratio of the radius at the top and the feed. Theoretically, the maximum height of the micro-dimensions is calculated using an approximate formula and is used for comparison with the requirements for surface roughness for this operation and for the first choice of feed.
Rt = (fn2 / 8*RE)*1000 where
Rt = Maximum profile height value
fn = Feed value
RE = Radius at the vertex
Ra = Arithmetic mean height of the profile
From all of the above, we get that the treatment with a double-feed Wiper plate provides the same surface quality as when processing with conventional plates with normal feed. And the treatment with a Wiper plate with a normal feed provides twice the surface quality compared to the treatment with conventional plates. Schematically it looks like this
Plain plate
Wiper plate - double feed, Ra value is the same
Wiper plate — the same feed, the Ra value is half
To summarize
Chip breaker Wiper has a wide range of applications. Plates according to this technology are produced in different alloys and shapes, which makes them suitable for turning a wide range of materials and different types of processing (from finishing finishing to roughing). The use of plates with Wiper technology, thanks to its features, greatly simplifies our life, allowing us to solve sometimes unsolvable tasks.
Used literature:
1) High-performance metal cutting. Textbook SANDVIK COROMANT 2003 Vinogradov D. V.
2) Chip breakers. The Taegutec catalog.
3) Recommendations for the purpose of cutting modes and tool selection. 2010 M.A. Bolotov, A.N. Zhidyaev, N.D. Pronichev, A.I. Khaimovich